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Dietary vitamin E requirement, fish performance and reproduction of guppy (Poecilia reticulata)
Bahareh Mehrad,Mohammad Sudagar
Aquaculture, Aquarium, Conservation & Legislation , 2010,
Abstract: The aim of this study was evaluate the effects of dietary vitamin E on growth factors, survival,reproductive performance and sex ratio in guppy. Guppies were divided into 5 treatments with triplicategroups and fed with one of 5 diets for 20 weeks. The experimental vitamin E diets were formulated tocontain 100, 300, 500 and 1000 mg kg-1 vitamin (treatment 1, 2, 3 and 4 respectively) with 1 controlgroup (Treatment 5). The data obtained from the trial were subjected to one-way analysis of variance(ANOVA) to test for effects of dietary treatments. In vitamin E treatments the body weight increase(BWI), percent body weight increase (PBWI), specific growth rate (SGR), daily growth rate (DGR) andreproductive performance of guppies were increased significantly with increasing the amounts of vitaminE (P<0.05) and highest BWI, PBWI, SGR and DGR were observed in treatment 4. There were nosignificant differences observed in survival rate and sex ratio between the treatments. This studyindicates that BWI, PBWI, SGR and DGR and reproductive performance can be improved by dietaryvitamin E supplementations and also may be concluded that the vitamin E requirement of guppies fishfor optimum growth and reproductive performance is 1000 mg kg-1 of dry diet
The effect of vitamin C on growth factors, survival, reproduction and sex ratio in guppy (Poecilia reticulata)
Bahareh Mehrad,Mohammad Sudagar
Aquaculture, Aquarium, Conservation & Legislation , 2010,
Abstract: This study was conducted to examine the effects of dietary vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid, AA) ongrowth factors, survival, reproductive performance and sex ratio in guppy (Poecilia reticulataPeters,1859). Guppies were divided into 5 treatments with triplicate groups and fed with one of 5 dietsfor 20 weeks. The experimental vitamin C diets were formulated to contain 400, 800, 1200 and 2000 mgAA kg-1 (treatment 1, 2, 3 and 4 respectively) with 1 control group. The data obtained from the trial weresubjected to one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) to test for effects of dietary treatments. In vitamin Ctreatments the body weight increase (BWI), percent body weight increase (PBWI), specific growth rate(SGR), daily growth rate (DGR) and reproductive performance of guppies were increased significantlywith increasing the levels of vitamin C (P<0.05) and highest BWI, PBWI, SGR and DGR were observed intreatment 4. There were no significant differences in sex ratio observed between the treatments. Insurvival rate there was significant difference between treatment 2 with treatments 1, 3 and control(P<0.05). This study indicates that BWI, PBWI, SGR and DGR and reproductive performance can beimproved by dietary vitamin C supplementation and also may be concluded that the vitamin Crequirement of guppies fish for optimum growth and reproductive performance is 2000 mg/kg of drydiet.
Investigation of the hatching performance, growth, survival and tolerance against high ammonia concentration by enrich water incubation of carp (Cyprinus carpio) eggs with α-tocopherol
M. Mehdi Taati,Hojatollah Jafaryan,Bahareh Mehrad
Animal Biology & Animal Husbandry , 2010,
Abstract: The effect of α-tocopherol (Vitamin E) on eyed egg and hatching rate, growth and viability oflarva, and larval tolerance against high ammonia concentration stress of common carp Cyprinus carpio(Linnaeus, 1758) was evaluated. The fertilized eggs were placed in water containing 4 levels of α-tocopherol (0, 300, 500 and 1000 mg L-1) for 5 h. The percentage of eyed egg and hatching weremeasured after 2 and 3 days respectively. After larva absorbed their yolk sac half of them werechallenged by high ammonia concentration (5 mg L-1) and the others were reared for 60 days and growthfactors and survival were recorded. The result shown that the highest eyed egg and hatching rate were in1000 mg L-1 but had not significantly difference with other treatments (P<0.05). The significantdifferences in larval tolerance against high temperature stress were not observed between treatments.No significant different were observed between growth parameters of treatments (P>0.05). Viability wasdifferent between experimental groups and was not significant between 0 and 300 mg L-1. According topresent results, enrich incubation water of carp eggs by 1000 mg L-1 of α-tocopherol may be beneficial.
Impact of different dietary vitamin C contents on growth, survival, fecundity and egg diameter in the zebrafish, Danio rerio (Pisces, Cyprinidae)
Bahareh Mehrad,Hojatollah Jafaryan,M. Mehdi Taati
Animal Biology & Animal Husbandry , 2011,
Abstract: This study was conducted to examine the Impact of different dietary vitamin C contents ongrowth, survival, fecundity and egg diameter in the zebrafish, Danio rerio. Zebrafish were divided into 5treatments each replicated three times, and fed with one of five diets for 20 weeks. The experimentalvitamin C diets were formulated to contain 250, 500, 1000 and 2000 mg ascorbic acid kg-1 with 1control group (0 mg kg-1). In the vitamin C treatments, the body weight increase (BWI), specific growthrate (SGR) and fecundity of zebrafish increased significantly with increasing the levels of vitamin C(P<0.05). There were no significant differences in egg diameter observed between the treatments. Thesurvival rate of zebrafish fed the diets containing 1000 and 2000 mg kg-1 AA was higher than othergroups. The significance of the results herein obtained underlined the importance of diet in thereproductive process, supporting the hypothesis that feed additives can improve fecundity. Consideringthat the zebrafish has been clearly established as a vertebrate model for biomedical research, theseresults support the potentiality of feed additives such as vitamins can improve reproduction in allvertebrates, including humans.
The effect of ascorbic acid on hatching performance and tolerance against environmental stressor (high temperature) by immersion of Prussian carp (Carassius gibelio) fertilized eggs
M. Mehdi Taati,Bahareh Mehrad,Ali Shabani
Aquaculture, Aquarium, Conservation & Legislation , 2010,
Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of L-ascorbic acid (AA) in three levels (0,100, 1000 and 2000 mg L-1) on eyed egg and hatching rate, growth and viability of larva, and larvaltolerance against high temperature stress of Prussian carp Carassius gibelio (Bloch, 1782). The fertilizedeggs were placed in water containing different levels of AA for 3 h. The percentage of eyed egg andhatching were measured after 2 and 3 days respectively. After larva absorbed their yolk sac, half ofthem were challenged by high temperature (30°C) and the others were reared for 45 days and growthfactors and survival were calculated. The result shown that the highest eyed egg and hatching rate werein 2000 mg L-1 and had significantly differece with other treatments (P<0.05). The significant differencesin larval tolerance against high temperature stress were observed in 1000 and 2000 mg L-1 compared to0 and 100 mg L-1 treatments. No significant differences were observed between growth parameters oftreatment batches (P>0.05). Viability was different between experimental groups, but it was notsignificant between 0 and 100 mg L-1. According to our results when broodstocks of Prussian carp do nothave enough vitamin C in their ovaries, immersion of fertilized eggs in 2000 mg L-1 of AA may bebeneficial.
Changes of ovarian fluid compositions and sperm quality parameters in koi (ornamental Cyprinus carpio) during spawning season
M. Mehdi Taati,Hojatollah Jafaryan,Bahareh Mehrad,Amin Golpour
Animal Biology & Animal Husbandry , 2010,
Abstract: The purpose of the present study was to analyze changes of ovarian fluid, seminal plasmacompositions, also sperm production characteristics (spermatocrit, sperm density and sperm volume)and sperm motility traits (sperm movement duration and percentage of motile spermatozoa) duringspawning season (February to May) in koi, Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus, 1758). Ovarian fluid and semensamples were collected from 10 female and 15 male fish in each month respectively. The resultssuggested that percentage of motile spermatozoa, sperm movement duration and sperm volume had notsignificantly changes (P>0.05), but spermatocrit and sperm density shown significant changes (P>0.05)among February, March, April and may. On the other hand, no significant differences were recorded inovarian fluid compositions. Analysis seminal plasma compositions shown that Sodium, glucose and totalprotein significantly changed (P<0.05) between four term, and other seminal plasma compositions hadnot changes (P>0.05) during spawning season. The present study described that evaluation of theseparameters will help in development of the basic knowledge about reproduction biology in koi.
Investigation of chemical composition of ceolomic fluid and its effect on sperm motility traits in Prussian carp, Carassius gibelio, during spawning season
M. Mehdi Taati,Bahareh Mehrad,Ali Shabani,Amin Golpour
Aquaculture, Aquarium, Conservation & Legislation , 2010,
Abstract: The effects of the composition of ceolomic fluid and sperm function are not well understood inteleostean fish species. The aim of the present study was to determine the concentration of the majorinorganic ions (Na+, K+, Ca2++, Mg2+, Cl-), organic composition (glucose and total protein) and pH ofovarian fluid in Prussian carp Carassius gibelio (Bloch, 1782), and to determine if the composition ofthese fluids influences sperm motility trait (percentage and duration of motility). In this purpose, spermmotility traits in 3 medium (ovarian fluid, fresh water + ovarian fluid and fresh water alone) were tested.The ovarian fluid was composed of sodium 133.1 ± 3.8 mM L-1, potassium 2.4 ± 0.28 mM L-1, calcium0.56 ± 0.28 mM L-1, magnesium 0.65 ± 0.23 mM L-1, chloride 135.4 ± 3.92 mM L-1, total protein3.3 ± 0.46 gdL-1, glucose 3.57 ± 0.48 mM L-1 and pH 8.22 ± 2.9. The results suggested that spermmovement duration was significantly higher in ovarian fluid than fresh water and fresh water + ovarianfluid during spawning season. The percentage of motile spermatozoa did not differ significantly amongovarian fluid, fresh water + ovarian fluid and fresh water in spawning periods. As a conclusion, theresults of this study recommend the use of ovarian fluid, it is useful as an activation medium toimproving sperm motility parameters of Prussian carp.
Correlation between chemical composition of seminal plasma and sperm motility characteristics of Prussian carp (Carassius gibelio)
M. Mehdi Taati,Bahareh Mehrad,Ali Shabani,Amin Golpour
Aquaculture, Aquarium, Conservation & Legislation , 2010,
Abstract: The objectives of the present study were to determine the relationships between chemicalscompositions of seminal plasma with sperm motility traits in Prussian carp, Carassius gibelio (Bloch,1782). There were significant positive correlations between sperm movment duration and Ca+2 of semen.Also, a significant positive relationship was found between percentage of motile spermatozoa and Ca+2 ofsemen. On the other hand, Na+, Cl- and pH correlated negatively with sperm movment duration.Understanding of such correlations can be useful to evaluation of sperm quality and make media(extender) for dilution of semen and improving sperm motility parameters of Prussian carp.
The correlation between water physicochemical and ionic parameters with growth indicators in Rutilus frisii kutum
Bahareh Mehrad,Mohammad R. Imanpoor,Zeinab H. Kashani,Mehrnoosh B. Mofidi
Aquaculture, Aquarium, Conservation & Legislation , 2010,
Abstract: In this study the correlation between water physicochemical (EC, pH, salinity, hardness) andionic (Na+, K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+) parameters with growth indicators in Rutilus frisii kutum within 3 monthson 7 ponds (2 hectar) in Sijoval area in Golestan province were investigated. The range of water ioniccomposition were included (230-447.5 Mmol/l) Na+, (11.5-28.8 Mmol/l) K+, (0.04-22.44 mgr/dl) Ca2+and (12.47-22.45 mgr/dl) Mg2+. The pearson results were showed that there were significant correlationbetween first weight with Na+ and salinity (p<0.05), growth ratio with second weight (p<0.05), waterpH with k+, Na+, Mg2+ (p<0.01) hardness with hardness, Na+ and Ca2+ (p<0.01), salinity with k+ andNa+ (p<0.01) and Na+ with K+ (p<0.05). So, between water physicochemical and ionic parameters withgrowth indicators, significant correlation was showed that with management and regulation these factorsin suitable culture range, are caused growth increasing in R. frisii kutum.
Relaciones Diplomáticas entre la Persia safávida y la Espa a de Felipe III: el caso de la primera embajada
Nazanin MEHRAD
Libros de la Corte.es , 2012,
Abstract: Las relaciones entre Persia y Occidente se reanudaron a finales del siglo XVIprincipios del siglo XVII, después de varios siglos de aislamiento, con el envío de una misión diplomática por parte de sah Abbas el Grande a la corte de Felipe III, tras una serie de tentativas por ambas partes. Hubo otras embajadas que ni siquiera salieron de las tierras europeas o no existen datos sobre su llegada a Persia. Sin embargo, este contacto tuvo lugar por una serie defactores que se dieron tanto en Espa a como en Persia. El objeto de este artículo es analizar el proceso de la primera embajada por parte de sah Abbas el Grande a la corte de Felipe III dentro del marco de las relaciones entre Persia y Espa a. Pese al estancamiento de estas relaciones, debe considerarse la importancia y el alcance de todo este conjunto de medidas e intentos realizados desde mediados del siglo XVI, así como la importancia del intercambio de varias embajadas.Relations between Persia and the West recommenced at the end of the 16thcentury and the beginning of the 17th, after several century of isolation, whenShah Abbas the Great sent a diplomatic mission to the court of Philip IIIfollowing a series of attempts on both sides. There were other embassies thathad not even left European soil or, at least, there are no data on their getting to Persia. Nonetheless, this contact took place due to a series of factors that occurred both in Spain and in Persia. The aim of this article is to analyse the process of the first embassy sent by Shah Abbas the Great to Philip III’s court within the framework of relations between Persia and Spain. Despite the stagnation of these relations, we should consider the importance and the scope of the array of measures and attempts carried out since the mid-16th century as well as the relevance of the exchange of different embassies.
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